Wednesday, 25 February 2015

A Memorable Silk Road Adventure



                                                          




GRIPPING tightly on to the steel handle, my feet safely in the stirrups, and my heart in my mouth, I let myself be guided along the soft silky sand. I was riding a camel in the Mingsha sand dunes in Dunhuang (Taklamakan Desert), China, on a Silk Road tour. My mind travelled back in time: so this was what traders of yore endured as they traversed the desert, bringing silk, porcelain, tea and spice from remote parts of China to Europe.   
        
The Silk Road, an ancient international trade route between China and the Mediterranean, is aptly named because silk was mainly traded. It was also a cultural bridge linking the cultures of China, India, Persia, Arabia, Greece and Rome (Italy). A tour along this route has fascinated many travellers. When a friend, Mr Choo Kok Wai, invited my husband and I to join his group of friends on this challenging route for a holiday, we gladly accepted.
          
Our journey of 18 days started from Kuala Lumpur to Shenzhen, with a connecting flight to Urumqi, our first stop. Thereafter, we flew to Kashgar, then travelled by bus to Turpan, passing through Aksu, Kucha and Korla. From Turpan, we took a train to Dunhuang, then a bus ride to historical Xian and finally flew back to Kuala Lumpur. The trip covered three provinces of China - Xinjiang, Gansu and Shaanxi.

      
Map of itinerary: Choo Kok Wai

Choo, our tour leader and organizer, planned an intriguing itinerary that covered a variety of experiences for our group of 21 adventurers. We had a local Uyghur guide, Mr Abdullah Khaliq, who could speak his mother tongue, Mandarin and flawless English. He knew the history of Xinjiang (populated by ethnic groups like Uyghurs, Kazakhs and Tajiks)  like the back of his hands, and he enthralled us with absorbing stories at every place. 

Arriving in Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang, I was taken aback by the blend of culture in the buildings. Our hotel had an interesting Moorish-Arabic influence. 

         

A lavish welcome dinner, complete with a cultural show, exposed us to the ethnic culture. We enjoyed a variety of Xinjiang food – roast lamb, succulent mutton kebab, oxtail stew, sesame prawns, noodles in spicy soup and more. 


mutton kebab
noodles in spicy soup

Sesame prawns
Barbecued lamb


 A Uyghur boy walking on a tightrope and gorgeous girls in vivid traditional costumes dancing to Russian, Uyghur and Mongolian music, entertained us.




In the Xinjiang Museum, I was enlightened by the folk customs and cultures of the 13 major ethnic groups of Xinjiang. My first experience of seeing mummies three thousand years old, perfectly preserved by the arid conditions of the Taklamakan Desert, gave me the creeps.

Next day, we visited the largest bazaar in the world, The International Grand Bazaar, which had 3000 ethnic handicrafts shops. There were so many things to see and buy, from silk, spices, nuts and dates, to carpets, clothing and accessories. The almond nuts in shells that I bought were fresh and crunchy, while the crispy sunflower-seed biscuits Abdullah bought had us asking for more. 



 

The deep-blue tranquil Heavenly Lake in Tianshan Mountains (2000m), accessible by gondola lifts, was breath-taking. We stayed overnight so that we could enjoy the picturesque lake and stay in an authentic Kazakh yurt.

21 adventurers in 7th Heaven - in front of Heavenly Lake
                                                     
We had dinner in a cosy carpeted yurt. Kazakh girls served us wine and mao-tai. This really warmed me up as I was feeling chilly.


  

As we savoured the side dishes, the main dish - a whole barbecued lamb, complete with head and hoofs - was brought in, amidst much cheer and laughter. Choo had the honour of getting the first bite.

Choo getting the first bite

 Kazakh girls in glittering traditional costumes sang and danced for us. To add to the merriment, many of us gamely joined them in the lively dancing. The Kazakh party gave us a glimpse of life in the past.  


 Sleeping in a yurt was a bone-chilling experience. Eight of us were delegated to a yurt on a hill. It was extremely cold (zero degrees Centigrade), without any central heating and it was freezing, dark and windy outside. We had to walk down a stony 15-minute path to use a 4-star warm toilet. Even with thermals, warm clothing, thick mattresses and blankets, most of us had a sleepless night because of the cold and the unfamiliar environment. But “the early dawn sight of the steely grey lake and hovering, snow-streaked mountains as we stepped out of the yurt was a mystical moment,” shared Ms Kala, one of the members. 

Next morning, at Urumqi airport, our flight to Kashgar was delayed by a sandstorm there. We waited a whole day for updates on flights: we read, chatted and caught up on sleep but finally had to spend the night in a hotel. It was our longest day in the airport.

To make up for the exhausting day, Abdullah arranged a sumptuous dinner for us – to celebrate his teenaged son’s birthday together with a member who turned 70…a unique Malaysian-Uyghur birthday celebration!


Seated L to R: Abdullah's son, Dr Ho Chai Yee
Standing: Abdullah, Mrs Abdullah, Ms Audrey Ho




                           





We caught the 8 am flight to Kashgar. On landing, we found the town hazy and dusty. Trees and bushes were coated with a layer of fine brown sand. Visibility was poor and I found it difficult to breathe. Some of us quickly donned masks for protection. We looked more like bandits than tourists. It must have been tough for traders of ancient times to travel in such harsh weather!

Kashgar, with the largest Muslim community in China, was mesmerizing. We visited the largest mosque in China, the Eidkah Mosque, which could accommodate 20,000 people. As ladies have to cover their heads before entering, we all used our shawls and scarves to cover our heads. That was photo opportunity for our cameramen – we enjoyed the brief limelight!



In front of Eidkah Mosque 
                                         

The cheerful and obliging lady adventurers 
                                      
Strolling along the streets near the Eidkah Mosque was like being whisked back in time. There were many handicraft shops with men hard at work at their cottage industry. I watched with interest workmen etching copper teapot and others drawing designs on musical instruments.





 




Some unusual home furniture amused me - wooden baby cots with a hole at the base - for draining babies’ urine?




The bustling Yapchan Tuesday Market (like Malaysia’s pasar malam) gave me a glimpse of Uyghur’s business style. People of mixed features (Chinese, Turk, Pakistani and Russian) were everywhere. The variety of merchandise on sale was enormous – food, knives, clothes, silk, carpets, accessories and even livestock like goats, cows, donkeys and camels! There was an on-going auction of sheep and camels and bidding was done by hand signals. The hive of activity – people shouting, bargaining, jostling, bidding – was a dream come true for our photo enthusiasts.







  


From Kashgar, we travelled by bus along long lonely stretches, passing through mountains with sparse vegetation and no proper toilet in sight. The ladies will never forget the hunt for a bush or rock to answer nature’s call. 

Enroute to Turpan, we stopped to view the ruins of Subash and Jiaohe ancient cities; the Mystic Grand Canyon of Tianshan Mountain (Kucha), famed for its striking red-brown sandstone landscape, a favourite movie making scenic spot of China; and the Kizil Thousand-Buddha Grottoes (Kizil town) with well-preserved frescoes, showing the development of Buddha cave art.


Subash Ancient City

                                                  
Mystic Grand Canyon
                                                   

Thousand Buddha Grotto    
                                             
       


















In Turpan, we visited the Emin Mosque, with its monumental Minaret, the tallest in China. I found its sun-dried bricks arranged in 16 different geometrical floral patterns, an outstanding piece of art, totally different from those in other parts of the world.


Emin mosque


A visit to the underground Karez irrigation system was an eye-opener for me. Karez systems of vertical wells, underground and above ground canals and small reservoirs, enabled many crops to grow in the arid desert. This irrigation system enriched the land and I was amazed to see crops like walnuts, dates, melons, wolfberries and grapes, growing in the Grape Valley.



Grapes galore

We had a Uyghur lunch in a charming setting - a courtyard covered by grapevines - in a Tuyuq village. The hospitable owner, Kassim, plied us with fried noodles, samsa (baked buns), huge Xinjiang murukku and freshly-picked sweet seedless grapes.

Sweet seedless grapes

Huge murukku

At another courtyard in the Grape Valley, a Uyghur farmer welcomed us with sequined traditional caps for our heads, and freshly cut melons for our thirsty mouths. He showed us different varieties of raisins that could prevent certain illnesses. This kindled our interests and thereafter most of us made purchases.

Different varieties of raisins

We had a nail-biting experience travelling in a local night train to Dunhuang. We needed to get on and off the train within six minutes! Five porters helped to load 22 heavy bags on board in an organised manner. We disembarked at 4.30 am the next morning. In Dunhuang railway station, with no porters, we had to carry our own luggage up and down an overhead bridge that had no escalator! 

The Mogao grottoes, created over nine dynasties (4th to 14th century) were like an art gallery in the desert. Of the 492 existing caves, we were allowed to view only a few. A guide took us to the main caves, to view the tallest, second tallest and reclining Buddha. Restoration work had been carried out and the paintings and sculptures looked fresh and striking. 


Mogao grottoes

Riding a camel in the Mingsha Shan sand dunes, 5 km from the oasis town of Dunhuang, was a new experience. We rode on camels – each camel with a guide - in a line, up and down a hill. We all swooned over a crescent moon lake under the hill (a geological wonder) and many multi-coloured flowers growing in the desert.

A caravan of adventurers
                               
Crescent-moon lake


 
Multi-coloured flowers

Finally we were in Xian. I was thrilled to be at the qin Terracotta Warrior and Horses Museum. Having read so much about Emperor Qin Shi Huang's treasure trove, it was a privilege to be on site to see the terracotta army, all lined up in impressive battle formation.

 
Terracotta army

It was my lucky day too – farmer Yang Zhi Fa, discoverer of the great archaeological site, was there to autograph my souvenir book.

Yang Zhi Fa signing souvenir books



These are some of the highlights of my Silk Road Adventure. Although we travelled long distances and faced many challenges, we were never bored or tired because of the diversity of experiences encountered. It was an adventure of a lifetime.
           
The Silk Road has it all – silk and spice with stimulating sights!